Acne is one of the most common skin conditions, affecting millions of people worldwide. Whether you’re dealing with occasional breakouts or persistent acne, finding the right treatment can help you achieve clearer skin and boost your confidence. While over-the-counter products may work for some, others may require more advanced treatment options. Dr. Jeremy Udkoff, dermatologist at Mt. Lebanon Dermatology, shares the most common acne solutions available and when it’s time to seek professional care.
Over-the-Counter Treatments: Your First Line of Defense
For many people, mild acne can be managed with over-the-counter (OTC) products. These products typically contain ingredients like salicylic acid, benzoyl peroxide, or sulfur, which target the bacteria that cause acne or help to exfoliate the skin and clear clogged pores.
1. Salicylic Acid
Salicylic acid is a beta hydroxy acid (BHA) that helps to clear pores by exfoliating the skin. It works best for blackheads, whiteheads, and mild acne. Products containing salicylic acid are available in various forms, such as cleansers, toners, and spot treatments.
2. Benzoyl Peroxide
Benzoyl peroxide is another common OTC acne treatment that kills acne-causing bacteria. It can help reduce inflammation and redness, making it effective for treating moderate acne. However, it can be drying and irritating, so it’s important to start with lower concentrations and gradually increase if needed.
3. Sulfur
Sulfur-based treatments work by absorbing excess oil on the skin, helping to dry out pimples and reduce inflammation. It’s often used in combination with other acne-fighting ingredients and is available in masks and spot treatments.
4. Retinoids
Topical retinoids, such as adapalene (Differin), are available over-the-counter and help to prevent clogged pores by promoting cell turnover. They are effective for both preventing acne and treating existing breakouts.
While these treatments are effective for mild cases of acne, they may not be sufficient for more severe forms. If your acne persists despite using OTC products, or if your breakouts are moderate to severe, it’s time to consult with a dermatologist.
When to See a Dermatologist
If over-the-counter treatments aren’t yielding the desired results or if acne is affecting your self-esteem, seeing a dermatologist is the next step. A dermatologist can evaluate your skin, determine the underlying cause of your acne, and create a personalized treatment plan. Dr. Udkoff emphasizes that you should consider making an appointment if:
- Over-the-counter treatments are ineffective
- Acne is causing scarring or significant emotional distress
- You have cystic or nodular acne, which can be painful and deep under the skin
- Acne is persistent and doesn’t improve with lifestyle or skincare changes
- You’re experiencing frequent breakouts even in adulthood
Prescription Medications: Strengthening Your Acne Treatment
For more severe cases, dermatologists often prescribe stronger medications that target acne more effectively. These medications may include topical treatments, oral medications, or a combination of both.
1. Topical Retinoids
Stronger retinoids, such as tretinoin (Retin-A), are often prescribed to help with both acne prevention and treatment. These help to unclog pores, reduce inflammation, and improve skin texture. Retinoids can be a powerful tool in clearing acne and preventing future breakouts.
2. Topical Antibiotics
Topical antibiotics, like clindamycin and erythromycin, can reduce inflammation and kill the bacteria contributing to acne. They are often used in combination with other treatments, such as benzoyl peroxide, to improve effectiveness and reduce bacterial resistance.
3. Oral Antibiotics
Oral antibiotics, such as doxycycline, tetracycline, or minocycline, are prescribed to target bacteria that cause acne and reduce inflammation. These are typically used for moderate to severe acne that doesn’t respond to topical treatments. However, oral antibiotics are often used for short periods due to potential side effects, such as antibiotic resistance.
4. Oral Contraceptives
For females, certain oral contraceptives can help regulate hormones and reduce acne. Hormonal fluctuations, particularly during menstruation or pregnancy, can trigger acne, so birth control pills containing both estrogen and progestin are sometimes prescribed to balance hormone levels and prevent breakouts.
5. Oral Isotretinoin (Accutane)
Accutane (isotretinoin) is a powerful oral medication used to treat severe, cystic, or scarring acne that doesn’t respond to other treatments. Isotretinoin works by reducing the size of sebaceous (oil) glands, preventing clogged pores and reducing inflammation. Due to its potential side effects, isotretinoin is typically prescribed when other treatments have failed, and it requires close monitoring by a dermatologist.
In-Office Procedures: Targeted Treatments for Clearer Skin
For patients with severe acne or acne scars, dermatologists may recommend in-office treatments to enhance the results of prescription medications and provide quicker relief. These treatments are often effective for clearing existing acne and preventing future breakouts.
1. Chemical Peels
Chemical peels involve the application of a chemical solution to the skin that exfoliates the outer layers, removing dead skin cells and unclogging pores. They can help treat acne and improve skin texture by reducing acne scars. Chemical peels are available in different strengths, from mild to deep, and are often tailored to your skin’s needs.
2. Laser Treatments
Laser treatments, such as laser resurfacing or intense pulsed light (IPL), target the deeper layers of the skin to reduce acne scars and inflammation. Laser treatments can also help with the underlying causes of acne, such as excess oil production. They’re effective for treating both active acne and the scars left behind.
3. Light and Photodynamic Therapy
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) uses a combination of light and a photosensitizing agent to target acne-causing bacteria and reduce oil production. This treatment can be used for moderate to severe acne and has shown promise in reducing inflammation and preventing future breakouts.
4. Extraction
In some cases, dermatologists may perform extractions to remove blackheads and whiteheads. This is typically done with specialized tools to ensure a safe and clean procedure. Extractions are not recommended for at-home use due to the risk of infection and scarring.
Acne is a multifaceted condition that requires a tailored treatment approach. From over-the-counter products to prescription medications and in-office procedures, there are a wide range of treatments available to help you achieve clearer skin. If your acne is persistent or severe, or if it’s affecting your confidence, don’t hesitate to consult with a dermatologist. Dr. Udkoff and the team at Mt. Lebanon Dermatology are here to guide you toward the right treatment plan to address your unique skin concerns and help you achieve the healthy, clear skin you deserve.
📞 Call us now (412) 563-0217 to book your appointment today to discuss your acne treatment options.
